SEROTYPE LÀ GÌ

Confusing Biological Terms

Biology is filled with confusing terms. So much so, that it pretty much has its own language and even dictionaries of the language! Some of the terms that may be confused or poorly understood include serotype, genotype, serovar, strain, & biotype. This lesson seeks khổng lồ define these terms for you và clear up any confusion you may have sầu with respect to them.

Serotype vs. Serovar vs. Genotype

To simplify things, let"s start off with a familiar example. All people are, in some sense, the same. Regardless of what we look lượt thích or what we wear, we are members of the same species. But there are differences nonetheless that can be used khổng lồ distinguish people from one another or group them inkhổng lồ one category or another. For example, there are people who are blondes, people who wear watches, and people who never wear shorts. We can group people in all sorts of ways!

With respect to lớn closely related microorganisms (namely of the same species), we can group them based on their antigens, commonly their surface antigens. Antigens are substances that can elicit an immune system response, such as the production of proteins called antibodies. Antibodies directed against antigens are found in a portion of our blood known as serum ("sero-").

Thus, a serotype is a serologically và antigenically distinct variety of microorganism, like a subgroup of a species of bacteria. In other words, they cốt truyện similar antigens (antigenically), and the antibodies that are directed against those antigens are the same (serologically). Serovar is a synonym for serotype.

Don"t get either term confused with genotype. Genotype refers lớn an organism"s genetic makeup or constitution.


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This is not the same thing as phenotype! The latter refers lớn the expressed features of an organism. A genotype is the entire collection of an organism"s genetic information. The genotype includes all the genetic information, regardless of whether it"s being used/expressed or not.

Strain vs. Biotype

Hopefully, you"re not straining under this lesson"s content yet because we"ve only got a couple more terms left lớn go! One of them happens khổng lồ be strain. Very broadly, a strain can be defined as an organism, or a population of such organisms, which can be distinguished from other organisms within a taxon (e.g. species) based on certain characteristics or qualities. Commonly, but not always, this is taken to lớn mean that such a population of organisms is genetically distinct from other groups of the same taxon.

Now that you know what a strain is, we can also define biotype. A biotype is a strain, distinguished from other microorganisms of the same species, by its physiological properties. Biotype can also be taken khổng lồ mean a group of organisms with the same genotype.

Lesson Summary

Let"s Đánh Giá the key terms from this lesson.

A serotype is a serologically & antigenically distinct variety of microorganism, like a subgroup of a species of bacteria. Serovar is a synonym for serotype. Genotype refers to an organism"s genetic makeup or constitution (whether it"s expressed or not). A strain is an organism, or a population of such organisms, which can be distinguished from other organisms within a taxon (e.g. species) based on certain characteristics. A biotype is a strain, distinguished from other microorganisms of the same species, by its physiological properties.Chulặng mục: Hỏi Đáp